Adverbs

 

Objectives

At the end of the lesson students will be able to identify,

-         What an adverb is.

-         Common types of adverbs.

-         How to use adverbs in sentences.

What is an adverb?

An adverb is a word that modifies a verb, an adjective, another adverb, or even a whole sentence.

“A word or phrase that modifies or qualifies an adjective, verb, or other adverb or a word group, expressing a relation of place, time, circumstance, manner, cause, degree, etc..”

(Oxford dictionary)

Adverbs often end in –ly. For example:

Modifies a verb

-         John sings beautifully.

Modifies an adjective

-         John is an extremely good singer.

Modifies another adverb

-         John sings extremely beautifully.

Modifies a whole sentence

-          Fortunately, John sang well.

One of the best ways to form adverbs is to add –ly to the end of an adjective.

 

Adjective	Adverb
strange	strangely
calm	calmly
usual	usually
rapid	rapidly
awkward	awkwardly
strict	strictly
sad	sadly
violent	violently
angry	angrily
suspicious	suspiciously

(http://www.myenglishteacher.net)

 

Exercise 1

Make adverbs using followings.

Ø He is happy, he dances ___________

•  She is angry, she blames ___________

•  His English is fluent, he speaks ___________

•  John is fast, he runs _________

•  Teacher’s lesson is clear, he teaches ___________

Common types of adverbs

There can be seen four types of common adverbs in English. Those are:

                                                                                                                                                       I.            Adverb of Manner

                                                                                                                                                    II.            Adverb of Time

                                                                                                                                                 III.            Adverb of Place

                                                                                                                                                 IV.            Adverb of Degree

 

1.    Adverb of Manner (How)

An adverb of manner tells us how an action occurs.

• He ran away quickly.
• She listens carefully.

Lots of adverbs of manner end "-ly."

2.    Adverb of Time (When)

An adverb of time tells us when an action occurs or how often.

• He teaches me weekly.
• I love her forever.

Adverbs of time that tell us how often something occurs are also known as "adverbs of frequency."

3.    Adverb of Place (where)

An adverb of place tells us where an action occurs.

• I didn’t go there.
• John was running everywhere.

 

4.    Adverb of Degree (How much)

An adverb of degree tells us to what degree an action occurs.

• She draws smarter.
• The farmer work harder to protect his family.

Exercise 2

Find the adverbs

       I.            John very beautifully sang a meaningful song outside.

    II.            Everyday Kamal interestingly goes to the school to learn English well.

 III.            Unfortunately, competitor sang extremely beautifully.

Exercise 3

Name the categories of following adverbs.

       I.            Come here quickly. You have to see this!  

    II.            I can’t stay there with you?

 III.            Today are we going to office?

IV.            She learns English harder.

Exercise 4

Write down 5 sentences including an adverb from each category.

 

A Lesson plan for Grade 9 (Adverb)

Topic: - Adverbs

Aims: - The main purpose of this lesson is to teach adverbs in a simple manner and develop three language skills through that.

Objective: - At the end of the lesson students will be able to identify,

-          What an adverb is.

-          Common types of adverbs.

-          How to use adverbs in sentences

Age group: - Grade 9

Time: - 40 minutes

Materials: - white board, laptop and projector

Introduction: - In this lesson students will be able to identify what are the adverbs and why do we use them in sentences. Also, the will be learned common types of adverbs and usage of adverbs in sentences. They will be asked to do some exercises relevant to each part. Mainly I will be focusing about the general overall view of the adverbs.

Procedure:-

1.   In the very beginning,

1.   I will Begin by writing two sentences on the board that contain an adverb. Ask them to circle the adjectives from each sentence. Then I will explain them what an adverb is and how to identify an adverb with examples. 
2. Then I will be focusing on giving some exercises to the students in the classroom, by making them two separate groups.  
3. I will give them five sentences to complete with an adverb. Then the team that finishes the five sentences correctly and quickly will be awarded marks.    (10 min)

2.      Secondly, I will explain common types of adverb with examples by showing them a short video clip that contains various adverbs. Also, students will be taught the grammatical rule through some examples of adverb and how they were formed. (10 min)

3.      Ask each student to write down 5 sentences with adverbs and i will be inviting students to come forward and read their written sentences loudly to the classroom. (5 min)

4.      Write the categories of how, when, where, how much, and how often on the board.        And encourage each student to come forward and write down an adverb in each category.(10 min)

5.      After all these activities, ask student to gather and play a small game using adverbs. After that i will be giving an overview of the lesson. Finally let them to ask any question relevant to the lesson. (5 min)

 

Compound Nouns

 

What are compound nouns?

A compound noun is a noun made up of two or more words. Have a look at these examples:

• weekday (noun + noun)

• raincoat (noun + noun)

• chopstick (noun + noun)

Compound nouns can be written three ways:

A single word                Two words                 Hyphenated

                                      haircut                           rain forest                  self-esteem

   toothpaste                      ice cream                   brother-in-law

A compound noun can not only be made by adding 2 nouns together, but can be made by adding 2 words together to make one word.

 

Examples of compound nouns

noun + noun – policeman, motorcycle

noun + verb – sunrise, haircut

verb + noun – breakfast,  rainfall      

adjective + noun – blackboard, software       

adverb + noun – on-looker, downtime

adverb + verb – input, output 

preposition + verb – undercut, downfall

 

When a compound noun is a single word, make it plural by adding s to the end. If the compound noun is hyphenated or composed of two separate words, remember to add s only to the word that is plural.

One mother-in-law ⇒ two mothers-in-law

(There are two mothers, not two laws.)

One director general ⇒ two directors general

(There are two directors, not two generals.)

Exercise 1

Read the paragraph and circle the compound nouns.

 Yesterday in homeroom, Bob and I discussed the spots that are in our high school. we both agreed that our victory in the championship volleyball game was the highlight of the season. Bob also said he couldn’t wait for basketball season to start. He has been practicing lay-up all month. I am looking forward to baseball season. I have played the short spot position for two years. coach Brown told me that I should practice everyday in order to stay in shape. Did you know that coach Brown’s brother-in-law used to play baseball for the Giants? I’m very glad that I moved to Dade county High school so that I could be involved in the sports programs here. Now, I think it is time for me to finish my homework about Abraham Lincoln.

Exercise 2

Match the words in the two columns to make compound nouns.

Pan                           cloth
Flower                       room
Wash                         date
Push                           cake
Fire                             book
Birth                           truck
Note                            pot
Lunch                          ups
Bath                             box